Four Feathers Extra Credit Quotes

1) “God has endowed the British race with a worldwide empire that

they may execute His sovereign purpose in the world. The victories you will have over the

heathens are the victories of the nobler soul in man.”

This quote portrays the British as above everyone else. They appear to be gifted, or more worthy than the world, and to them, colonizing is a great deed that they are doing. This is not valid, because all people are equal, and gifted in different ways, and the British are in no way more special than the rest of the world's population.

2) “I sometimes wonder what a godforsaken desert in the middle of nowhere

has to do with Her Majesty the queen.”

Harry does not want to participate in the war, and the only reason he is even in the army is to please his father, so he therefore questions the motives that have sent him to fight in the desert against his wishes. His belief against the army leads him to quit the army, but after feeling like a coward, he later rejoins.

3) "Avoid drinking local water and spirits "avoid local barrooms and

brothels and, above all, remember, you're a Christian soldier."

Africa has many different customs and values, for it has many of its own cultures for each group of people, and the British soldiers had to learn to acknowledge but not participate in all of these customs. Instead, it was their duty to focus solely on colonization and British customs. A main British custom was their religion, for it played a huge role in their lives, which is why it was brought into question.

4) “They're like children. They have no concept of gratitude or loyalty.

That's something you British don't understand. You come here, trying to civilize them with your

Christian values.”

This quote is demeaning all of the people in colonized areas, for it is saying that they are no smarter and have no more manners than children. This also puts the British in a higher, more "civilized" genre than the colonized people, which is wrong. Some drawbacks were that the British had to teach the natives everything about life, and how to succeed the "British way". The British felt the "white mans burden", which was where they thought it was their duty to civilize and "help" all of the savage people of the world.

5)“You English walk too proudly on the earth.”

Abu means that the British are very condescending, and think that their way is THE way. They do not realize that the supposed "savage" people they are "helping" have been doing perfectly fine with their way of life for many years. He does not look at Harry as a typical Englishman, for Harry is working to reclaim what he lost instead of simply trying to colonize the world for his own glory. He does not agree with the British's actions, for the Africans did not ask for help, they were doing fine on their own.

Critical Thinking:

The boy did not understand what Jack was saying, so he did not know that he was being told to put the gun down. The boy probably did not expect to die by loading the gun, he expected to save himself from all of the men pointing guns at him. It was common self defense. I also think that Jack was justified, for the boy raised his gun and pointed it at Jack, so he was also defending himself. If someone had pointed a gun at me, I am sure I would have shot them first before they could shoot me. Jack felt remorseful because he probably realized that the boy did not know what was going on, and was defending himself. I think at the surface, it was for the boys killing, but the throwing of stones more deeply represented the anger of the people of having their land and way of life invaded by foreigners. All in all, this entire situation was completely unfortunate, for both parties were confused because of the language barrier, and both were simply defending themselves, although Jack was more successful than the young boy.

Simulation Questions

1) Two accuracies were that the largest countries gained the most land, and that the smaller, weaker countries did not claim much land. This was similar to real imperialism, because the larger countries were more powerful, and therefore they could claim and keep control of new land, while smaller countries were weaker, and could not claim and control much new land.

2) My group only had seven members, so even though we found tons of colonies, only once did we have enough members to actually claim the colony.

3) We were small, so we just stayed together, which is similar to smaller colonies who did not separate from each other.

4) We briefly would pass other colonies, and they always made fun of us because we were so small and we lost, which is similar to real imperialism, where the smaller countries were looked down upon.

5) Overall, I liked the simulation, for it was a fun way of looking at and learning about imperialism. I learned first hand the struggles of having a smaller country, which is what happened in real life.

6) A. Tell students before they choose groups that being in a smaller group automatically means losing.

B. Instead of claiming colonies simply through numbers, we should have to complete a mini task

C. Make more colonies so the simulation last longer.

Motives For British Imperialism

1) Slavery began to decline in the 1800's because the British realized that it wasn't economically beneficial to them, although they could care less about the moral aspects of the situation. Because of the abolition of slavery, British didn't have to worry about taking or bring slaves from colonized lands, therefore, they could focus entirely on free trade.

2) He said that religion was not an aspect of imperialism, although I disagree, for changing or trying to change ones values and beliefs can strongly affect natives and colonists, and therefore it was a large aspect of imperialism.

3) Halstead believed that trade contributed to imperialism, while Cobden believed that the source of imperialism was the free market. Halstead's theory resembles the mercantilism in many ways.

4) Halstead said that the final motives for imperialism were colonization, competition for free markets and settlements.

The White Man's Burden

1) Kipling is saying that Imperialism is the white man's burden, for the Europeans considered it their responsibility to help civilize the natives of different lands.

2) To justify imperialism, Kipling says that they are helping the natives, and benefiting their societies.

3) It is appealing, because it makes imperialism seem more noble, instead of simply stating that is a way to make countries more powerful.

4) Religion helped spread Imperialism, because one of the justifications was that they were spreading Christianity to all of the natives.

Unit 2 Short Answer Questions

Industrial Revolution

2) Machines had a positive and negative impact on society. They quickly and efficiently created products, allowing mass production, but they created dangerous jobs in the factories, and even got rid of the need for some jobs, despite the growing population.

3) Crop rotation is the use of the same land to grow different crops throughout the different seasons. This practical, efficient use of land allowed for more food to be grown on a smaller space, therefore supporting a larger population quite efficiently.

Social Ramifications

1) With the Industrial Revolution came many new social developments. For example, before, it was common for many generations, or extended families, to live in the same house, but with the revolution, nuclear families became common. Nuclear families only consisted of parents and children.

3) The Factory Acts were reforms that improved working conditions for children during the Revolution. They reduced the workday to a maximum of twelve hours, and made it illegal for children under the age of eight to work in the cotton mills.

Inventors and Inventions

1) Cotton gins are machines that pick and separate cotton. Before the invention of the cotton gin, this was the tedious job of many slaves in the south. Therefore, this new means of production did the job of the slaves, and therefore they could do different jobs.

5) Advancements in medicine contributed to the population growth in many ways. Many people were dying due to the unsanitary, poor living conditions of the city, and many diseases were common. Advancements in medicine were able to combat these diseases, such as cholera, which decreased the death rate due to disease and therefore increased the size of the population.

2nd Industrial Revolution & Mass Society

1) During the nineteenth century, the lower class made up the majority of the population. Politicians realized this, and began to target them, such as in the British Labour Party. Trade Unions also allowed a rise in their power, for they gave the lower classes a voice that they never had before.

2) The original Industrial Revolution and the second Industrial Revolution differed for the original focused more on improvements and technological advancements in agriculture, while the second Industrial Revolution focused on the advancement of technology in every day life, as well as new ideas and theories on society.

Labor Unions

2) The goal of the British Labour Party was to help the general public and to bring trade unions into politics. Their goals included the involvement of government in business, the distribution of wealth and publicly funded healthcare and education policies.

3) The AFL was formed due to the leaders of the trade unions dislike of The Knights of Labor, another large, powerful union of the time. The American Federation of Labor distinguished itself by only allowing workers and organizations of workers to join.

Japanese and Russian Industrialization

3) The Industrialization of Japan required the wars because with Industrialization came expansion. The Japanese needed to grow in power to match their growth in technology and government, thus requiring wars for land.

11) The Industrialization of England occurred first, therefore naturally. The Japanese industrialized quickly and proficiently, while the Russians simply tried to keep up with the rest of the world.

1st Person Child Labor Journal Entry

My name is Victoria, I am eleven years old and I work in a large factory in the city. This morning, I ran to the factory a little before sunrise. I was late, and didn't want to be beaten, so I skipped the little amount of breakfast that my mother had left for me and sprinted to the factory so that I would not be beaten by my boss. I was so scared, but somehow I made it. My tummy was growling, but I had to work 5 more hours before I was allowed to take a thirty minute lunch break. While I was working, Edward, the boy who had the machine next to me, came in late. The boss, in his fury, beat Edward with a whip, and although he got hurt really bad, and was crying, Edward had to work the rest of the day, without a lunch break. This made me glad that I was able to run here on time. Finally, lunch came, and I graciously ate my slice of bread and enjoyed the thirty minutes free of labor. All to soon, we were called back in to finish our shifts. The rest of the day seemed to be uneventful, until Emily, a little six year old girl, was killed! Her machine broke down, and the Boss said that she was small enough to crawl inside and fix it. Everything seemed to be fine, until suddenly, an ear shattering scream filled the air. My heart fell, as I realized what I was watching. Emily's leg got caught in the grinder as she was climbing out, and she bled to death. Despite this tragedy, we were forced to continue out our shifts. At dusk, we were released, and I walked home, crying all the way because of the terrible acts that I had witnessed today. As soon as I arrived home, I went to sleep, for I was exhausted and there was no meal for me to eat, anyways. Tomorrow, I will wake up and go through all of this again.

Declaration of the Rights of Man

This image of the Declaration of the Rights of Man uses the image of angels and other holy looking symbols to create a positive connotation of its ideas. It reminds me of the Declaration of Independence, and to an extent, it looks a little bit like some pictures of the Biblical Ten Commandments. The creators of this declaration are definitely trying to send out a positive, perfect idea of their declaration to the people of France.

1) All men are born equally, and social classes should only benefit society instead of oppressing the people.

2) The main purpose of a government is to protect the rights of men, not to destroy them.

3) The people have the power in a nation, and one person or group cannot control an entire population.

4) Men have the freedom to do what they want, unless it infringes on another man's natural rights.

5) The law can only be involved with society, and not individuals.

6) Everyone has the right to participate in the law if they choose to, and all are treated equally by the law.

7) People can only be punished by the law, but not in forms not described by the law.

8) The law will only be involved in what is necessary, and not what it is not related too.

9) All men are innocent until proven guilty, and until they are proven, no violence is to be enforced.

10) As long as they don't affect society as a whole, all men are entitled to their own beliefs.

11) All men have the right to the freedom of speech, in all forms.

12) Public security must be used to protect mans rights only, and not for someone's personal gain.

13) A fair an equal tax is necessary to the success of a society.

14) Men have the right to choose the laws and taxes for their society.

15) Society has a right for all men to have identification.

16) If the law is not enforced in society, there is not point in having a legal system at all.

17) Unless there are specific special circumstances, all men have the right to their own property.